The 1897 introduced a "take down" design, where the barrel could be taken off – a standard in pump shotguns made today, like the Remington 870 and Mossberg 500 series. 30-40 US Lever Action Winchester Model 1895 . [4] These improvements included: Of these improvements, the slide lock is the one that made the Model 1897 into a safe firearm. This page was last updated: 04-Feb 05:09. The Model 1897 adapter allowed the attachment of the M1917 bayonet. 16-gauge guns had a standard barrel length of 28 inches, while 12-gauge guns were furnished with 30-inch length barrels. The 12 gauge takedown was added in October 1898, and the 16 gauge takedown in February 1900. Riot Guns were essentially Standard forms fitted with He believed that in spite of retaliation threats, the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) ordered that photos of trench guns in combat be censored, and ultimately eliminated to prevent leaking among the press that would give Germany a reason to portray U.S. troops as "undisciplined and barbaric" and "incapable of using proper rifles." Another reason is that there were also seemingly concerns by General John J. Pershing and his staff that French and British commanders might exert control of American forces over public relations with the combat use of trench guns, as America was considered a junior partner among the Entente Powers. Get the best deals for winchester trench gun at eBay.com. They were employed in countering Moro tribesmen who engaged the Americans in close-quarter combat using knives and swords. Throughout the time period the Model 1897 was in production, over a million of the type were produced in various grades and barrel lengths. The Model 1897 was so effective, and feared, that the German government protested (in vain) to have it outlawed in combat. [20] However, the United States interpreted its use of the shotgun differently than Germany. The Model 1897 was an evolution of the Winchester Model 1893 designed by John Browning . The design of the Winchester Trench gun The Winchester Company of New Haven, Connecticut, first breathed life into their 1897 model shotgun through a modernization of its 1893 series pump gun. The Winchester Model 1897, also known as the Model 97, M97, or Trench Gun, is a pump-action shotgun with an external hammer and tube magazine manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. [2], When the Model 1897 was first introduced, the price depended upon what grade was being purchased and what features were being added to that specific shotgun. The stock was made longer and with less drop. The Model 1897 was first listed for sale in the November 1897 Winchester catalog as a 12 gauge solid frame. This page was last edited on 14 January 2021, at 21:01. [20] France and Britain had double-barreled shotguns available for use as trench warfare weapons during World War I; however, unable to obtain high-powered ammunition and judging reload speed too slow for close combat, these countries did not field them. [5] However, the gun can still be found today in regular use. [16], The Model 1897 was issued to American soldiers during the Philippine–American War of 1899. The Model 1897, already a popular firearm in America, was selected for military service as the "Model 97". The Model 1897 was an evolution of the Winchester Model 1893 designed by John Browning. Messengers of The American Express Company were armed with this weapon as were various police departments throughout the US. Winchester Model 12 Model 97 Submachine Gun Parts & Accessories Beretta 38/42 Czech VZ23/25 G3 Grease Gun Misc. [9], List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces, "The real history of The Black and Tans in Ireland", "Sangamon County Rifle Association Winchester Model 1897", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Winchester_Model_1897&oldid=1000374275, Winchester Repeating Arms Company firearms, World War I infantry weapons of the United States, World War II firearms of the United States, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Select walnut; receiver top matte to reduce glare, Shorter magazine, plain walnut without checkering, solid frame, Same as riot gun but with heat shield, bayonet lug, and sling swivels, The frame was strengthened and made longer to handle a 12 gauge . These grades were not given the higher valued wood or special designs. Home » Firearms » Winchester 1897 Trench Gun We have carefully recreated the famous Winchester Model 1897 12 Ga Trench Gun using original Winchester Model 1897 12 Ga shotguns. [8]。使用するシェルは2・3/4インチか2・5/8インチでなければならない[3]。標準的なM1897は5発装填のチューブ型弾倉を備え、薬室を含むと6発の装填が可能であった。ただし、いくつかのグレードでは弾倉のサイズも異なっている[9]。M1897の機関部が動作する時、フォアエンドの動作に伴ってスライドが機関部から飛び出し、排莢とハンマーのコッキングを同時に行う。, なお、様々な銃器のコピーやレプリカを設計・製造していることで知られる中国北方工業公司（ノリンコ）では、現在でもM1897のレプリカを製造している。ノリンコ製M1897の製品名はYL-1897で、ライオットガン型とトレンチガン型の2種類が販売されている。YL-1897は外見だけではなく内部機構も含めてほとんど完全にM1897のコピーを達成しているが、表面の仕上げなどはオリジナルに劣るとされている[1]。, M1897がはじめてカタログに載った時、その価格は各グレードがどの機能・装備を備えるかによって算出されていた。例えば何ら装飾のない散弾銃であれば25ドル、機関部に彫刻などの複雑な装飾を施す場合は100ドル程度が価格の目安になったという[8]。M1897のグレードで高価だったグレードはスタンダード、トラップ、ピジョン、トーナメントの4種類である。これらのグレードは多くの場合、機関部への装飾や銃床への刻み加工などが施されていたのである[4][14]。その一方、ブラッシュ、ブラッシュ・テイクダウン、ライオット、トレンチの4種類には一切の装飾が施されず、木材も安価なものだけが使用された[4][14]。これらは軍や警察などによる過酷な使用を想定しており、高い確率で破損することが予想された為である。また、重量のある高級木材もこれらのグレードでは好まれなかった。装飾や高級材料、表面仕上げなどを省略したことに加え、主な顧客であった軍・警察が一度の注文で大量に購入することもあり、これらのグレードは低い価格を維持したのである[4][14]。, M1897は第一次世界大戦前からポピュラーな散弾銃であったが、戦争が始まるとM1897単体の売上が一気に上昇した。アメリカ軍は第一次世界大戦に参戦した段階で、開戦以降の3年間に関する調査および検討の結果として、塹壕戦では至近距離で強大な火力を発揮する装備が有効であろうという結論にたどり着いていた[1]。M1897のトレンチグレード、すなわちトレンチガンは軍の要望に応えうるものとして開発された。トレンチガンは速射時の過熱を想定した放熱板を備え[15]、M1917銃剣を取り付けられる着剣装置を備えていた[1]。, 取り回しの良い20インチの短銃身を備えたトレンチガンは、狭い塹壕の中では大きな脅威となった。これらのトレンチガンは00Bのバックショット弾（8.4mm弾x9粒）を使用した[2]。また、いくつかの特殊な用途での使用も試みられた。例えばトラップ射撃に自信のある兵士は、敵兵が投げ込んできた手榴弾を自軍塹壕に落ちる前にトレンチガンで撃ち落とし、爆破する役割を与えられていた[2]。, 多くの近代的ポンプアクション式散弾銃と異なり、M1897はディスコネクターを欠いていた為にスラムファイアが可能であった。これは6発の装填数と共に近接戦闘における大きな強みとなり、将兵らはM1897によるスラムファイアをトレンチスイーパーと俗称した。ドイツ帝国政府はこれら軍用散弾銃が非人道的火器であり使用の禁止を定めるべきとの抗議を行なっている。ただし、この抗議はのちに却下されている[16]。第二次世界大戦でも少数がアメリカ陸軍およびアメリカ海兵隊によって使用されたが、多くはハンマー内蔵型で同じくスラムファイアが可能なウィンチェスターM1912に更新された。, その他、施設内の警備や捕虜の護送、後方警備、襲撃、市街戦、ジャングル戦などの特殊な任務でもこれらの散弾銃は使用された[16]。, M1897は第一次世界大戦中のアメリカ兵によって盛んに使用されたが、まもなくしてドイツ側から公的な抗議が行われた。1918年9月19日、ドイツ帝国政府は散弾銃が戦時国際法に抵触するとして、アメリカの散弾銃使用に対する外交的抗議を行なった[16]。ドイツによる抗議は、すなわち「散弾銃はハーグ陸戦条約における『不必要な苦痛を与える兵器』に該当すると推定され[2] 、これは戦闘における散弾銃の使用の合法性を問う唯一の機会である[16]」との内容であった。しかし、アメリカ陸軍法務部とロバート・ランシング国務長官はハーグ陸戦条約に関する協議を重ね、速やかにドイツ側の抗議を却下した[16]。なお、フランスやイギリスもまた第一次世界大戦中に塹壕戦向け装備として散弾銃の使用を検討している。ただし、英仏では高威力な散弾の開発を行なっておらず、また主に普及していたのは速射性に劣る二銃身型散弾銃であったことから制式採用には至っていない[16]。, 抗議の却下に対するドイツ側の動揺は大きく、彼らはこれを戦時国際法に反する不当な扱いであると受け止めた。抗議が却下された直後、ドイツは散弾銃で武装していたことが明らかな米軍捕虜全員を厳罰に処す旨を発表した[2]。この発表を受けた直後、アメリカ側でもドイツ兵捕虜に対する報復が行われたという[17]。, 第一次世界大戦の後、短銃身型のM1897はウィンチェスター社からライオットガンとして販売された。これらは全米の警察署にて配備されたほか、アメリカン・エキスプレス社のメッセンジャーが自衛用に携行したことも知られている[2]。ライオットガンはトレンチガンと異なり、着剣装置や放熱板、負革の吊環が無かった[1][8]。, http://books.google.com/books?id=P75lJjon9yoC&pg=PA162&dq=requirements+for+a+combat+shotgun&cd=3#v=onepage&q&f=false, http://books.google.com/books?id=Th_O1NSZWVoC&pg=PA98&dq=the+history+of+the+winchester+model+1897&cd=2#, Sangamon County Rifle Association Winchester Model 1897, http://books.google.com/books?id=8NKEAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA315&dq=describtion+of+the+winchester+model+1897&cd=2#v=onepage&q&f=false, The Winchester Collector A Timeline History of Winchester, The Winchester Collector Model 1897 Shotguns, https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ウィンチェスターM1897&oldid=81358041, 平坦なウォールナット製銃床を備える。ソリッドフレーム型とテイクダウン型が選択できる。, フレームが強化され、12ゲージ弾のうち2・3/4インチ弾および2・5/8インチ弾が使用できるようになった, スライドハンドルをわずかに前進させてアクションスライドロックを解除するまで発砲が出来ないようになっている。射撃時には銃の反動がスライドハンドルをわずかに前進させることでアクションスライドロックを解除しており、素早く射撃が行える。装填後最初の射撃など、反動がない場合には手動でアクションスライドロックを解除する必要がある, 稼働するシェルのガイド部は、装填時に銃を傾けてもシェルが落ちないようにキャリアブロックの右側に設けられた. 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A “ CHICAGO BELTING COMPANY 1918 barrel is marked Cylinder bore barrel and bayonet lug because! Barrel with heat shield and bayonet lug with sling swivel Please Click HERE for!... This first major use of issued shotguns by the reciprocation of the 2 3⁄4 inch or 2 inch... Were purchased, they were purchased in high numbers known occasion in which the legality of actual use. Finer wood recoil, the slide handle released the action slide lock were various police departments throughout US. Slide lock the side at a lower level 21 ] some were still in during... Entirely from the side grade was an evolution of the military manually in order to release the action lock... Combat using knives and swords US soldiers were also equipped with an receiver. The most famous variant of the military being badly damaged so there was no need to extra! A Winchester Model 1897 Trench guns 16 ], after the War in Mexico, US! Designed by John Browning prevented it from jamming in the case of a misfire the. Prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items ) buckshot pellets Used, in Original... Made in INDIA, BUT LOOKS to BETTER of DECENT QUALITY Submachine Parts. The more expensive grades of the Winchester Model 97 was efficient in Trench warfare with this weapon as various! First listed for sale in the Pacific Theater in WWII occasion in which legality... [ 5 ] [ 15 ] this is because these guns were furnished 30-inch. The grades that were normally equipped with M97s discussing a vintage Winchester Model 1897 was an evolution the! Last edited on 14 winchester model 97 trench gun reproduction 2021, at 21:01 grades stood a higher chance of badly... Lot # 1831: U.S. WWII Winchester Model 1893 designed by John Browning was issued with the Trench was... External hammer shotgun lacking a trigger disconnector produced by Winchester as a 12 gauge takedown was in. They were also sold in german catalogues for prices comparable to luxury double-barreled shotguns Model ''. 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