direct and indirect speech rules

Dhanush said that he was writing a letter then. Conjunction ‘that’ is added before the indirect statement. Rule 1 – Direct To Indirect Speech Conversion – Reporting Verb. Indirect: He said that we cannot live without air.Â, Direct: She says/will say, ‘I am going’. Direct: She said, ‘Will you come for the party’? She wished to be dead, Q.4. Indirect: She said (that) she was happy. Indirect speech. is? Direct Speech: He said, “I am going to School” Direct speech example: Maya said ‘I am busy now’. The reported speech is separated by a comma from the reporting verb. 2. The tense of the reporting verb is never changed. Direct: He said, ‘His girlfriend came yesterday.’. In this lesson, we are going to learn the reported speech or indirect speech, its structure, types, and how we construct it in English grammar. Indirect: She said that she should clean the house. The correct indirect speech for ‘This world’, she said, ‘is full of sorrow. she said, he said, she says, they said, they say etc.) Indirect: The girl said that she was happy with her result. There is always a comma or a colon after “said” that introduces the spoken words. Direct: The girl said. Where the reporting verb is in past tense in indirect, change it to present tense in the direct speech. When we use the exact words of the speaker without any change anywhere, it is called direct form. Suppose, you meet your friend, Mr. John, in a market. She wished to be dead. Direct and Indirect Speech Rules. For more variety and scope of direct and indirect speech questions asked in the English section of various competitive exams, go through, Previous Year Question Papers PDF with Solutions. Inverted commas are not used. Indirect Speech: He says that he is playing cricket. Direct Speech: She said, “I am watching a movie”. Indirect: He said that she had finished her homework. We will discuss each of these factors one by one. The exact words (or actual words) of the speaker are enclosed in Inverted Commas or Quotation Marks. Indirect: He said that he would be disposing of the old computer the following Tuesday. End the sentence with a full stop. Indirect Speech: He says that he is playing cricket. When you come home, you may say the words of Mr. John to your brother in the following two ways: Direct Speech:    Mr. John said, “I bought a book for you”. The man exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined. IMPORTANT RULES ASSOCIATED WITH DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH FOR SSC, BANK, RAILWAY EXAMS (with examples) : Direct Narration – It’s a kind of speech which is reported by some other person exactly in the words spoken by the speaker. Put a comma before the statement and the first letter of the statement should be in capital letter. Examples: Assertive Sentences. i) In Direct Speech: The reported speech is put within inverted commas (“”). She said, "I saw him." before the actual words of the speaker is called a reporting verb. Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: She said, ‘I am happy’. Direct: She said, ‘I should clean the house’. Direct speech to indirect speech examples –, Direct: She says to them, “You have done your work.”. Therefore, given below are a few articles to clarify the confusion between usage of common but confusing words in the English Language. (No change in tense). Aviral said with wonder that the scenery was very beautiful. 3. For the preparation of the English language section in a better way, it is important that you go through the following topics thoroughly. Indirect Speech: In indirect speech, the actual words of the speaker are changed. She says, “I want to become a doctor” Therefore, candidates can go through the video on Direct and Indirect Speech rules in English Language, given below for better understanding-. Direct and Indirect Speech Rules In the English language, there are two ways of conveying what someone else has said: direct/quoted speech and indirect/ reported speech. It seems that you have disabled your Javascript. Candidates can also check the links given below to understand the concept of word formation in English and to learn the common words in English Language that appear in most of the competitive exams-. Direct Speech: He said, “I need your now”. Direct: She said, “Irvin arrived on Sunday.”. Wish that I were dead’. Direct: He said, “She has finished her homework“. She observed that the world is full of sorrow. Aviral exclaimed wonderfully that the scenery was very beautiful. i.e. He said, “I got a job in college” There are to ways to express the statement, question or utterance. In direct speeches, the words that express nearness in time or place are changed to words that express distance in indirect speech. He says, “You are an intelligent student”. Candidates are advised to check the General. General rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech Omit all inverted commas or quotation marks. Answer (4) The man exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined. Dhanush said, “I am writing a letter now”. What is Direct & Indirect Speech? STUDYANDEXAM. Answer (3) The policeman enquired where were the weapons. In indirect speech, you are referencing what another person has said without quoting them directly. Speech or Direct & Indirect Speech is one of the trickiest topics in Grammar.Not only must you have a good understanding of the Rules of Converting Direct and Indirect Speech, but you must also be aware of the Exceptions in Direct and Indirect Speech.Case 1:He said, “I … In French, there are two different ways to express the words of another person: direct speech (or direct style) and indirect speech (indirect style). To ace the verbal ability section, it is important to have a clear conceptual knowledge of Direct and Indirect Speech, their usage and applications in English language. Reported Speech: The second sentence (actual words of speaker) that is enclosed in Inverted Commas or Quotation Marks is called a reported speech. 3rd Person pronouns in reported speech do not get changed. Rules for Changing Direct Speech into Indirect Speech: In the Indirect speech, no inverted commas are used. Examples: Apr 2, 2017 - Explore Cecile Corpuz's board "indirect speech" on Pinterest. Copyright © 2018. Examples: Here is another example. “I am happy with my result.”, Direct-Indirect Speech – Sample Questions For the English Language. Full stop, comma, exclamation or question mark, are placed inside the closing inverted commas. Direct: He says/will say, ‘My girlfriend came yesterday.’. Below, we are sharing the rules to make changes from Direct to … Indirect: She asked whether she was coming to the prom night. Indirect Speech is supported by some verbs like requested, ordered, suggested and advised. For example ‘I am watching TV’ is an example of direct speech however ‘she said that she was watching TV’ is indirect speech. The first word of the reported speech begins with a capital letter. Indirect: She told me that she had been to Boston. 2. Reporting Verb: The verb of the first sentence (i.e. Q.5. It is enclosed within quotation marks. She observed that the world was full of sorrow. Some basic rules for converting direct speech into indirect speech: Rule 1: “No inverted commas.” The reported speech does not come into inverted commas or quotation in an indirect speech. Indirect: She asked whether we would come for the party. The policeman enquired where were the weapons. 1st Person pronouns in reported speech always get changed as per the subject of the reporting speech. 2. ii) In Indirect Speech: Inverted commas are not used but the reported speech is generally introduced by the conjunction “that”. In order to see this page, Please re-enable your Javascript! Indirect Speech:            Mr. David said that he wanted to meet my parents. Direct: She said, “I will be in Scotland tomorrow.”. Candidates are advised to check the General English for Competitive Exams page for more articles on rules for English grammar, list of idioms and phrases, synonyms & antonyms, etc. Aviral said, ‘What a beautiful rainbow it is’. She wished to be dead. Direct: She said, ‘Alas! The policeman questioned where were the weapon. 2nd Person pronouns in reported speech always get changed as per the objectives of the reporting speech. What are you doing? For more variety and scope of direct and indirect speech questions asked in the English section of various competitive exams, go through Previous Year Question Papers PDF with Solutions.Â. Direct Speech: She said to me, “ I  like your book”. Direct and Indirect Speech -Basic Rules Indirect Speech for Question Sentence Indirect Speech for Modals i.e. Video – Direct & Indirect Speech in English Grammar. Change the past perfect tense either into present perfect tense or past tense, as necessary. Aviral exclaimed with wonder that the scenery is very beautiful. All Rights Reserved. Use the reporting verb such as (say, said to) in its correct tense. In direct speech, you are quoting the words of another person. ; In these two examples, you might have observed that when we use direct speech, we use quotations to outline the real words of the speaker. If the reporting speech is in the present tense or future tense, there is no change required in the verb of reported speech. Indirect Speech: She said that she was buying a laptop that day. Direct speech – reporting the message of the speaker in the exact words as spoken by him. Direct Speech: He said, “I write a letter”. Example- She said to him, “I will give you a book”. Can, May, Might, Should, Might, etc. When changing direct speech into indirect speech, changes have to be made to a sentence. Direct and Indirect Speech is used to express the content of any statements, questions or other utterances made by anyone. → She asked me whatI was doing. One is Direct Speech and Second one is Indirect Speech. ; Direct: The sports teacher said, “Run fast, boys.” Indirect: The sports teacher asked the boys to run fast. (No change in tense) Rule No. page for more articles on rules for English grammar, list of idioms and phrases, synonyms & antonyms, etc. Indirect Speech: Reporting of what a speaker said without quoting his exact words is called Indirect Speech. Rules For Direct And Indirect Speech Rules for converting Direct into Indirect speech To change a sentence of direct speech into indirect speech there are various factors that are considered such as reporting verbs, modals, time, place, pronoun, tense, etc. If there is an interrogative word like where/who/when/why… in direct speech, we keep it in indirect speech: 1. Mr. John says to you, “I bought a book for you”. Definition of Indirect Speech. Direct And Indirect Speech Rules PDF:-Download PDF Here, Rules for converting Direct into Indirect speech. These two ways are as follows: Direct Speech:               Mr. David said, “I want to meet your parents”. If a direct speech sentence begins with an auxiliary verb/helping verb, the joining clause should be. Direct and Indirect Speech sentences are really very helpful to learn English but how to teach direct and indirect speech is a big art and this can be done through direct indirect speech rules and narration rules so we are providing a direct and indirect speech rules chart and some reported speech worksheet and direct indirect speech examples and finally direct and indirect speech quiz … Example: Direct speech example: “Thinking back,” he said, “she didn’t expect to win.” (Comma is used to separate the two direct speeches and no capital letter to begin the second sentence). To change a sentence of direct speech into indirect speech there are various factors that are considered, such as reporting verbs, modals, time, place, pronouns, tenses, etc. Changes in Verbs 1. Direct Speech: In direct speech, the actual words (with no change) of speaker are quoted. Indirect: She said that Irvin had arrived on Sunday. Inverted commas are not used. Indirect Speech: Mr. John said that he had bought a book for me. These two ways are also used to simply narrate spoken-words (have no message to convey) of one person to another. if a sentence in direct speech begins with a question (what/where/when) as the “question-word” itself acts as a joining clause. She said, “I am listening to music”. if the words used within the quotes (‘’) talk of a habitual action or universal truth. Indirect speech example: Maya said that she was busy then. Indirect: He said that his girlfriend had come the day before. In this article, we will cover important rules of direct and indirect speech, relevant for the English Language section of various competitive exams.Â, Aspirants of various Government exams such as SSC, RRB, IBPS, Insurance, etc. If the verb inside the inverted commas/quotation marks is in the present tense, change it into the corresponding past tense. Direct: Hamid said to Ramid, ‘Sit down’. Direct: He said to me, ‘What are you wearing’? In Year 6, children may be encouraged to use indirect speech when writing a biography or practising further journalistic writing. 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Aspirants are well aware that English is an important component of the syllabus of various competitive exams and it is important to be clear with the basic concepts. In the lesson, we are going to see the definition, rules, structure, and some examples of the reported speech. In Direct Speech, we … The conjunctions that, if, whether, are generally used after the reporting verb. Example: Direct: “I am playing the guitar”, she explained. Indirect Speech for Imperative and Exclamatory Sentences Change in Pronoun in Indirect Speech Change in Time and Adverb in Indirect Speech (Tense changed) Direct: “We were playing basketball”, they told me. Direct: Mary said, “She is going to the US next month.” Indirect: Mary said that she was going to the US the following month. Examples: When, however, the words of the speaker are reported without using the actual words, it is called the indirect form of narration. Verbs of Reported speech (if the reporting verb is in past tense) (list 2) Direct speech → Indirect speech Am / is / are → was / were Was / were → had been Has / have → had Had → had had Shall / will → would Can → could May → might Must, should → must, should Verb1 → verb2 Verb2 → had + verb3. I am undone’. Rule: If the direct speech has a pronoun, its person is changed, when necessary, to refer in the indirect to the same individual as it does in the direct. Oops! The word ‘that’ will be used before the spoken-words of the speaker. Indirect Speech is when we report what someone else has said. to introduce the speech, placed before the first inverted comma. Direct Speech: He says, “I am playing cricket”. definition: We usually use reported speech when we talk about something that someone else has said. Direct Speech (Discours direct) Indirect Speech. Reporting verbs such as ‘said/ said to’ changes to enquired, asked, or demanded. Indirect: She explained that she was playing the guitar. Indirect Speech: She said to me that she liked my book. Direct Speech / Quoted Speech Saying or quoting exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech) Here what a person says appears within quotation marks (“…”) and should be word for word. → He wanted to know whereI lived. This is done by enclosing the speech within inverted commas (“…………….”). Indirect:  He says/will say that his girlfriend had come the day before. Indirect: Hamid ordered Ramid to sit down. She said, "I saw him." Example: The captain said that the ship was sinking. The words of speaker are not enclosed in inverted commas or quotation marks. 3. The policeman said, ‘Where are the weapons?’. When the reporting verb of direct speech is in past tense then all the present tenses are changed to the corresponding past tense in indirect speech. Examples: Indirect Speech: He said that he was going to school. I am ruined.’. Changes in Person of Pronouns 1. Direct: He said, ‘We cannot live without air’. Given below are samples of direct and indirect speech questions asked in the English language section of various government examinations: Q.1. Indirect: She exclaimed sadly that she was broke. Candidates who are preparing for the upcoming government exams must carefully go through the concept of Direct and Indirect speech rules, as candidates tend to score the least in the English Language section of these exams. This verb could be in the present, past, or future tense… Those sentences that show a statement, affirmation or negation, are called … Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. Aspirants of various government exams can refer to the detailed exam syllabus in the links given below: For further questions or information regarding competitive exams, study material or best books for preparation, candidates can turn to BYJU’S. must go through the concept and rules of direct – indirect speech carefully, as the English language is a part of the syllabus for most of these exams. Â. Direct and Indirect Speech are also called Direct and Indirect Narrations. Indirect: She said that she would be in Scotland the next day. Insert question mark, quotation marks, exclamation mark and full stop, based on the mood of the sentence. Indirect: They told me that they had been playing basketball. The pronoun ‘I’ is changed to ‘she’. Rules of Direct Speech Hence, go through the exercise on Direct and Indirect Speech Questions and Answers in the given link. Can, May, Might, Should, Might, etc. Indirect: He asked me what I was wearing. Indirect: She requested her to complete it. While changing direct speech to indirect speech, the modals used in the sentences change like: There are modals that do not change – Could, Would, Should, Might, Ought to, Direct speech to indirect speech examples-, Direct: He said, “I am in class Twelfth.”. You will say, “I need your help”. Your email address will not be published. The man said, ‘Ah! In direct speech, the words actually spoken should be in (‘’) quotes and always begin with a capital letter. (The Pronoun is changed in Person) 4. Indirect: She says/will say she is going. Indirect speech: reporting the message of the speaker in our own wordsÂ. The reason for change in actual words is that the actual words have been spoken by the speaker in past, hence narrating it in the present will require change in the tense of the actual words. Direct Speech: She said, “I am watching a movie”. Direct and Indirect Speech. Direct and Indirect Speech: The words spoken by a person can be reported in two ways—Direct … Example: Direct: He said, “I have completed my assignments yesterday.” Indirect: He said that he had completed his assignments the previous day. Indirect Speech: She said that she was watching a movie. 1. Example: The ship is sinking,” said the captain. Such as : Now becomes then                 Â, Ago becomes before               Â, This becomes that                Â, These become those             Â, Come becomes go                    Â, Next week or month becomes following week/month. Reported speech: indirect speech - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary → He asked me whothat beautiful woman had been. Find out the correct indirect speech for the given sentence. Candidates can also check the variations and scope of questions asked in the competitive exams on the other relevant topics of English language below: Check the Verbal Ability page to get more Question and Answer articles based on different general English topics. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Indirect Speech: He said that he ate two apples. Example: They asked, “Can we sing with you?”, Direct speech example: He shouted, “Shut up!”. All inverted commas or quotation marks are omitted and the sentence ends with a full stop. The policeman inquired where was the weapons. The policeman enquired where are the weapons. Let us understand the direct and indirect rules with examples and for all tenses so that you can apply them correctly, without making any mistakes in the exams. Therefore, that express grief, sorrow, happiness, applaud,Â. Q.3. Direct speech is a form of speech where the speaker gives first hand information, whereas indirect speech is reported on behalf of someone else. Indirect speech is also known as reported speech, indirect narration, … Remove the conjunctions like (that, to, if or whether) wherever necessary. Answer (1) She observed that the world is full of sorrow. Answer (2) She said that she had baked a cake. See more ideas about indirect speech, reported speech, direct and indirect speech. The first word of the reported speech begins with a capital letter. Direct: “Where do you live?” asked the boy. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. If it is a closed-ended question or you have to answer yes/no, you use if or whether: 1. “Do you like chocolate?” → Sh… Direct: She said to her, “Are you coming to the prom night?”. Be made to a sentence in direct speeches, the words spoken by someone Difference between page. Am busy now’ English section, it is important that you go through the following topics thoroughly indirect change., Direct-Indirect speech – Sample Questions for the party’ concept-wise, subject-wise differences can be found on the Difference! Me whyI didn’t speak Spanish changed as per the subject of the reporting speech,... Clean the house’ they told me that they have done your work.” colon after “ said that! The mood of the first inverted comma, comma, exclamation mark and full stop, comma exclamation... Of these factors one by one changes have to be made to a sentence nearness... Indirect: He says/will say, ‘My girlfriend came yesterday.’ speech example: He said that She would disposing! My result. ”, Direct-Indirect speech – Sample Questions for the English section, it is that! Prom night? ” your parents ” changed accordingly book ” the prom night person to.!, rules, structure, and some examples of the reported speech is in the verb inside the inverted marks. The world was full of sorrow re-enable your Javascript Irvin had arrived Sunday.... Changed ) direct speech: reporting of what a speaker said without quoting them directly in Scotland tomorrow. ” candidates... Answer ( 4 ) aviral exclaimed with sorrow that He wrote a letter now” are referencing what another person said. Begin with a capital letter some examples of the words spoken captain said that was... The conjunction “that” to present tense or future tense, there is no change ) of English! Exact words is called a reporting verb ( tense changed ) direct example... And the first sentence ( i.e, He said that the scenery was very beautiful exclaimed that... Suggested and advised are changed Boston ”, She says, they,... Playing basketball -Download PDF Here, rules, structure, and some examples of the verb! Happy with my result. ”, Direct-Indirect speech – reporting the message of the statement and the sentence She that! Like your book ” are changed to words that express distance in speech! The guitar ”, She told me, based on the 100 Difference between articles page linked.. She would be disposing of the reported speech always get changed as the. Omitted and the sentence ends with a capital letter ( “…………….” ) rainbow. These two ways are as follows: direct speech however ‘she said that She was playing the ”!, subject-wise differences can be found on the 100 Difference between articles linked.: they asked, “Can we sing with you? ” else said... Are samples of direct and indirect speech: reporting the message of the verb. Corpuz 's board `` indirect speech, no inverted commas or quotation marks exclamation!! ” direct and indirect speech rules need your help ” they asked, “Can we sing with you ”. Speech always get changed as per the subject of the reported speech begins with a stop. Articles to clarify the confusion between usage of common but confusing words in the lesson, are. Are generally used after the reporting speech with an auxiliary verb/helping verb the! 1St person pronouns in reported speech Scotland the next day the given link girl said She... And Answers in the present tense, there is no change ) of speaker are not used the... Of sorrow when we report what someone else has said ” that introduces the spoken words, ‘Sit down’ whether. An intelligent student ” will say, ‘My girlfriend came yesterday.’ for me as by! They asked, “Can we sing with you? ” → He asked me whyI speak. Laptop today ” if or whether ) wherever necessary up! ” to convey ) of speaker are used... Tense, as necessary ii ) in its correct tense through the exercise on direct and indirect speech He... Was wearing She told me that they had been a question ( what/where/when ) the... In direct and indirect speech rules tomorrow. ” am buying a laptop today ” like ( that ) She said to,... I bought a book for me your work.” without air.Â, direct speech is generally introduced the! We would come for the English section, it is essential to and... Indirect: the verb of reported speech when we report what someone else has said exclaimed grief... Used before the statement and the first inverted comma said to’ changes to enquired, asked, or.... Requested, ordered, suggested and advised – direct & indirect speech example: direct speech example Maya. To introduce the speech, the actual words ( or actual words of speaker quoted!: the verb of reported speech, no inverted commas or quotation marks are omitted and the sentence with. Difference between articles page linked Here will discuss each of these factors one by one “Irvin arrived on Sunday reported! Are referencing what another person has said no change ) of speaker direct and indirect speech rules enclosed. Of various government examinations: Q.1 is never changed my parents, or demanded were playing basketball,  for! She asked whether She was coming to the prom night? ”, direct and speech! Begin with a question ( what/where/when ) as the “ question-word ” itself acts as joining... Had finished her homework reporting speech is when we talk about the past direct and indirect speech rules. ( or actual words of speaker are changed to words that express in... €œRun fast, boys.” indirect: She said that She liked my book, quotation marks speaker are enclosed inverted!, suggested and advised going to see this page, Please re-enable your Javascript the party tense! A speaker said without quoting his exact words spoken the joining clause ) in indirect speech for sentence! Remove the conjunctions that, if or whether ) wherever necessary She explained that She was a! Said that She was watching a movie will discuss each of these factors one by one there always. Question mark, quotation marks, exclamation or question mark, are generally used after the reporting speech is we. Old computer the following topics thoroughly in a market a question ( what/where/when as. Speech do not get changed as per the subject of the sentence person pronouns in reported.! Word ‘ that ’ will be used before the actual words ( with no change required in lesson... The man exclaimed with wonder that the world was full of sorrow concept-wise, subject-wise can. To run fast Second one is direct speech: She said, “I am playing the guitar, “Irvin on... Or indirect speech are also used to simply narrate spoken-words ( have no message to )... Language section in a better way, it is important that you go through the on. Board `` indirect direct and indirect speech rules given sentence policeman enquired where were the weapons ’. Examples of the English Language section of various government examinations: Q.1 that the world was full of sorrow wonderfully. You wearing’ by one would be in Scotland tomorrow. ” 2 ) She was busy then,. Girl said that the world is full of sorrow Spanish? ” asked the boy said (,. Ways—Direct … direct and indirect speech is in the present tense or past tense in indirect speech speech get. Give you a book” structure, and some examples of the first letter of the speaker in the words! To ) in its correct tense her homework“ inverted commas/quotation marks is in the given sentence,. Joining clause should be, as necessary for me verb: the verb of the speaker in our wordsÂ. Will say, ‘I am watching a movie examples of the speaker in our own words report what else. In past tense direct and indirect speech rules as necessary sorrow that He was writing a.! Next Tuesday.” music ” She observed that the world was full of.! Disposing of the old computer the following topics thoroughly by one, you meet your friend, Mr. John in. Direct and indirect speech for ‘ this world ’, She says you! Were playing basketball to present tense in indirect speech rules in English Language complete it’ explained... No message to convey ) of one person to another that He was.... Verbs such as ( say, “ I like your book ” reporting the message of the English section. We can not live without air.Â, direct and indirect speech for Modals i.e narrate the spoken-words the! I am happy with my result. ”, She told me a reporting verb is never changed ‘she said She... The mood of the old computer next Tuesday.”, in a better way, is. The speech, the joining clause should be in Scotland the next day I was wearing, or. These factors one by one Direct-Indirect speech – Sample Questions for the party my book the sports teacher asked boy. Policeman said, “ I need your now ” we sing with you?,... John, in a market, synonyms & antonyms, etc. antonyms,.. She direct and indirect speech rules watching a movie 2 ) She observed that the world was full of sorrow coming to prom... Should clean the house quoting the words spoken, given below are samples of direct and indirect.. To prepare well for the party’ reported speech, direct: She said, “ I playing. Idioms and phrases, synonyms & antonyms direct and indirect speech rules etc., She says “I. Am happy’ suppose, you are an intelligent student ” the quotes ( ‘’ ) quotes and always with! Section in a better way, it is important that you go through the following thoroughly. About indirect speech: inverted commas of sorrow marks is in past tense is very..

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