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350cc brain size b. The species name is based on Chad, in recognition that all specimens were recovered from that country. It was a species of Miocene ape, related to humans and the living African apes. The ancient environment where the fossils were found consisted of lake, forest, river, and wooded savanna. We acknowledge Elders past, present and emerging. R.L., Crompton, R.H., 2007. This opinion changed when new evidence showed this species had many features intermediate between apes and humans. dates to 7-6 mya ... Several -, especially the well-represented Australopithecus afarensis, had lower limb morphology indicating very - locomotion. Probably quadruped, maybe ground dwelling. emmmawalter. Our ancestors have been using tools for many millions of years. Natsume Championship Wrestling, Important changes to the brain have been occurring for more than two million years. Specifically, the current hypodigm of S. tchadensis does not include any postcranial remains that might be informative about the posture and locomotion of S. tchadensis (Brunet et al., 2002, 2004, 2005; Brunet and Jaeger, 2017). The remains were found at the site of Toros-Menalla in Chad, over 2,500 kilometers from the … The species, and its genus Sahelanthropus, was announced in 2002, based mainly on a partial cranium, nicknamed Toumaï, discovered in northern Chad.. Sahelanthropus tchadensis lived close to the time of the chimpanzee–human divergence, possibly related to Orrorin, … The Patriot Film Complet En Français Youtube, Upon examination of the foramen magnum in the primary study, the lead author speculated that a bipedal gait "would not be unreasonable" based on basicranial morphology similar to more recent hominins. The skull of S. tchadensis does not indicate with certainty if this species was at all terrestrial, although the fairly forward position of its foramen magnum (the hole through which the spinal cord exits the braincase) may suggest a The braincase, being only 320 cm3 to 380 cm3 in volume, is similar to that of extant chimpanzees and is notably less than the approximate human volume of 1350 cm3. Sahelanthropus tchadensis (7-6 mya) a. Ark Valguero Map Coordinates, Ape-like features included a small brain (even slightly smaller than a chimpanzee’s), sloping face, very prominent browridges, and elongated skull. Two other possible hominin bones (a left femur and a mandible) were found alongside these remains, as were various mammal pieces. Sahelanthropus Tchadensis is the First Evolution Leap in the game. Wwe 2k19 Mods, Land Rover 101, The skull has … Brunet disputes these interpretations and cites a study done in 2005 as conclusive evidence for his claims. Thousands of vertebrate fossils have also been found at the site including elephants, giraffes, antelopes, hippopotamus, crocodiles, lizards, monkeys, fish and wild boar. A research team of scientists led by French paleontologist Michael Brunet uncovered the fossils in 2001, including the type specimen TM 266-01-0606-1. TM 266-01-60-1 — Sahelanthropus tchadensis Discovered in 2001 by a joint French-Chadian expedition in Chad led by Michel Brunet, this find was a surprise in many ways. The discoverers claim that S. tchadensis has numerous derived hominin features and is therefore the oldest known human ancestor after the split of the human line from that of the chimpanzees. Neanderthals co-existed with modern humans for long periods of time before eventually becoming extinct about 28,000 years ago. Solar Panel Installations In Bundoora Offer Clean Energy & Significant Savings. Did Corbyn And Christina Break Up 2020, It would also be the best-preserved of the fossil apes of this age ever found. relatively small canine and incisor teeth, tooth enamel thickness intermediate between living apes and australopithecines, no lower jaw diastema (gap between canines and premolars), rear of the skull has an ape-like appearance, position of the foramen magnum suggest that it may have been bipedal, although some experts dispute this interpretation, scars left on the fossilised bones from its neck muscles suggest the species was a quadruped but others claim that the neck muscles attached at the back of the neck in the same way as bipeds, relatively flat face compared to living apes but much more protruding than modern humans, large brow ridge (a presumed male trait) unlike any of those in the australopithecines, wider upper facial area compared to the short lower face, small sagittal crest and large nuchal crest on (presumed) males, no postcranial material has been found that has been determined beyond doubt as coming from this species. Lateral view : Six views of a cast of the unreconstructed holotype cranium TM 266-01-060-1 dubbed Toumaï Photo: Oryctes Site of discovery Sahelanthropus tchadensis eli sahelinapinaihminen oli simpanssia muistuttava varhaisin ihmisapina, jonka arvellaan kävelleen lähes täydellisessä pystyasennossa.Osa paleontologeista tukee näkemystä, jonka mukaan löydetty S. tchadensis-fossiili eli ”Toumaë” on ihmisten ja simpanssien yhteinen edeltäjä.Osa taas pidättäytyy arvioissaan, kunnes lisää fossiileja löytyy. As our ancestors’ intelligence increased, they developed the ability to make increasingly more complex stone, metal and other tools, create art and deliberately produce and sustain fire. year: 6mya. It was an early species of hominid so it still had ape-like features, but also had already began to develop human-like features as well. The discovery of six fossils (with identification numbers starting with TM 266) was made by a team, lead by Michel Brunet, between July 2001 and March 2002. Toumaï. Combined, the name means 'the Sahel man from Chad'. Which of the following are important features of the pre-australopithecine Sahelanthropus tchadensis? We don’t know everything about our early ancestors—but we keep learning more! Thus, it appears that the forelimb of both Sahelanthropus and Little Foot had not been fully emancipated from a role in locomotion. Brunet’s incredible years-long quest for hominins in that area is documented in the NOVA series, Becoming Human (www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/evolution/becoming-human.html). Sahelanthropus tchadensis has two defining human anatomical traits: 1) small canine teeth, and 2) walking upright on two legs instead of on four legs. If the remains are from a direct human ancestor, then the status of the australopithecine group as human ancestors is questioned. Sahelanthropus Sahelanthropus tchadensis is a fossil ape that lived approximately 7 million years ago. Questions: We don’t know everything about our early ancestors—but we keep learning more! Existing fossils include a relatively small cranium, five pieces of jaw, and some teeth, making up a head that has a mixture of derived and primitive features. Homeowners, businesses and corporations around the world are increasingly installing solar panels as a means of reducing their carbon footprint and saving on heating and cooling costs. Habitual bipedalism is a key feature for taxa to be included in the hominin clade, yet some … You have reached the end of the page. - Walking Upright", "Palaeoanthropology (communication arising): Sahelanthropus or 'Sahelpithecus'? Since the discovery of Sahelanthropus tchadensis's first fossil back in 2001, it has often been cited as our earliest known hominin ancestor. Humans are classified in the sub-group of primates known as the Great Apes. Receive the latest news on events, exhibitions, science research and special offers. Origin of human bipedalism as an adaptation for locomotion on flexible branches. Reconstructing the physical environment in which our ancestors lived allows us to gain a greater understanding of their day-to-day lives. Our ancestors have been using tools for many millions of years. We interacted with local archaic human populations as we colonised the globe. Toumaï is the name of a late Miocene hominoid who lived in what is today the Djurab desert of Chad some seven million years ago (mya). Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates—in particular genus Homo—and leading to the emergence of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, which includes the great apes. 2001 Ardipithecus ramidus ARA-VP6/1 Whiteetal. We are the only living things that have the ability to counter the forces of evolution. In this study, CT scans were used to rebuild a more accurate picture of the skull features of Toumai. The genus name is made of two words. Current use of the term ‘hominid’ can be confusing because the definition of this word has changed over time. Sahelanthropus tchadensis, one of the candidates for earliest possible ancestor, was founded in Toros-Menalla of Chad in west central Africa. Sahelanthropus tchadensis is an extinct species of the Homininae (African apes) dated to about , during the Miocene epoch. Talmud Quotes About Education, [12] The alleged motive for this suppression of information would be that the morphology of the femur might cast doubt on the bipedalism of Toumaï. How Does A Shemagh Keep You Cool, In this section, explore all the different ways you can be a part of the Museum's groundbreaking research, as well as come face-to-face with our dedicated staff. This species lived about 3.6 million years ago and is the first from the genus Australopithecus to be discovered outside of southern and eastern Africa. The Sahelanthropus Tchadensis are hominidi. This implies strongly that, over evolutionary time, the need for display and dominance among males has reduced, as has our sexual dimorphism. This species lived sometime between 7 and 6 million years ago in West-Central Africa (Chad). The type cranium (TM 266-01-060-1), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Collection, Australian Museum Research Institute (AMRI), Natural Sciences research and collections, Australian Museum Lizard Island Research Station, 2020 Australian Museum Eureka Prizes finalists, 2020 Australian Museum Eureka Prize winners, Become a volunteer at the Australian Museum. 1. Ryan Lewis Death, Non-australopithecine members of the human lineage include Sahelanthropus tchadensis (7–6 mya), Orrorin tugenensis (6 mya), Ardipithecus kadabba (5.8–5.2 mya), and Ar. However, they are not confirmed as belonging to the same species as the cranial remains. Initial analysis suggested that Sahelanthropus regularly walked upright and had a combination of ape-like and human-like features. During this vast period of time our family tree grew to include many ancestors representing different species from our evolutionary past. The Sahelanthropus tchadensis skull was discovered by Michael Brunet's team in Chad in 2001 and described in Nature in 2002. How Old Is Patrick Laine Sailor, Sahelanthropus tchadensis"Toumai" TM266-01-060-1 Brunetetal. However, they are not confirmed as belonging to the same species as the cranial … Fossil remains for Sahelanthropus tchadensis have been found in the north African Djurab desert in Chad.. S. tchadensis is very primitive but also exhibits advanced canine reduction, significantly reduced prognathism, and lacks a honing complex. The unfortunate stereotype of these people as dim-witted and brutish cavemen still lingers in popular ideology but research has revealed a more nuanced picture. Orrorin tugenensis (6 mya) a. Unfortunately, without any fossil bones from the postcranial skeleton , its locomotion cannot be unequivocally determined. Other articles where Sahelanthropus tchadensis is discussed: Australopithecus: …the human lineage (hominins) include Sahelanthropus tchadensis (7–6 mya), Orrorin tugenensis (6 mya), Ardipithecus kadabba (5.8–5.2 mya), and Ar. This species is one of the best known of our ancestors. the lack of skeletal remains makes estimates difficult. Receive the latest news on events, exhibitions, science research and special offers. As most of the diagnostic features are missing, the question of whether the femur represents a biped (or hominin) is extremely difficult. However, an Australopithecus bahrelghazali mandible was found in Chad by Mamelbaye Tomalta, Najia and Alain Beauvilain, Michel Brunet and Aladji H. E. Moutaye as early as 1995. If it does belong on our family tree, was it a direct ancestor or a distant hominin 'cousin'? The Sahelanthropus tchadensis specimen (see Figure 6.2) was discovered in 2001 at the site of Toros-Menalla, in the Djurab Desert of northern Chad, by Michel Brunet and associates. BAR 1002'00. Sahelanthropus tchadensis and Orrorin tugenensis both have smaller canines than those in extant great apes, yet the canines are still larger and pointier than those in humans or more recent hominins. The discovery of six fossils (with identification numbers starting with TM 266) was made by a team, lead by Michel Brunet, between July 2001 and March 2002. All fossils have been recovered from Toros-Menalla in the Djurab desert of Chad, Africa. Joan Crawford Twins, Dan Issel Death, Compare the position of the ischium to the acetabulum in Homo sapiens, troglodyte s, and Australopithecus, shown in Figure 10.1. Brunet has interpreted this as indicating bipedal locomotion in Sahelanthropus, though other paleoanthropologists have questioned this conclusion. a common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees, related to both humans and chimpanzees, but not an ancestor of either, the lack of cranial remains makes estimates difficult, but brain size is estimated at about 320-380cc (similar to that of a chimpanzee). This is one of the few early hominids found in central Africa rather than in the eastern and southern portions of the continent, and it is by far the oldest. Sahelanthropus tchadensis: Location. The very large brow ridges of Toumai are unexpected. sahelanthropus tchadensis locomotion. This evolution is played from approximately 9,100,000 years ago and will change to the next species after you reach approximately 7,200,000 years ago. Minecraft Diamond Armor Color Code, Sahelanthropus tchadensis: Evolutionary Significance. This species position is highly debated. Thank you for reading. In 2001, the same year as when Orrorin tugenensis was discovered, a French paleontologist, Micheal Brunet, led a group of scientist researchers to uncover a total of six fossils. ", "Shaping Humanity: How Science, Art, and Imagination Help Us Understand Our Origins" (book by John Gurche), What Does It Mean To Be Human? [18], A further possibility is that Toumaï is not ancestral to either humans or chimpanzees at all, but rather an early representative of the Gorillini lineage. This species was the first of our pre-human ancestors to be discovered, but was initially rejected from our family tree because of its small brain. 1995 17 They were dated to exist about … Nature, "The look of Toumaï", 7 April 2005, pp. Our species, Homo sapiens, has now spread to all parts of the world but it's generally believed that we originated in Africa by about 200,000 years ago. They named their discovery Sahelanthropus tchadensis. Other articles where Sahelanthropus tchadensis is discussed: Australopithecus: …the human lineage (hominins) include Sahelanthropus tchadensis (7–6 mya), Orrorin tugenensis (6 mya), Ardipithecus kadabba (5.8–5.2 mya), and Ar. Our species, Homo sapiens, has now spread to all parts of the world but it's generally believed that we originated in Africa by about 200,000 years ago. The species name translates to “human from the sahel of Chad.” The sahel is the region of dry grasslands south of the Sahara desert. Layne Beachley Foundation Shoes, Your email address will not be published. The Australian Museum respects and acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation as the First Peoples and Traditional Custodians of the land and waterways on which the Museum stands. The femur was not recognised as possibly belonging to a hominid until 2004. Solitario Spider 1 Palo, This is a key date as it is about the time that scientists believe the human-line diverged from the ape-line. This website may contain names, images and voices of deceased Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. More finds are needed in order to ascertain where this species fits on the human family tree. YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE... Human Evolution #3 43 Terms. Sahelanthropus tchadensis: Locomotion. It was somewhat crushed and distorted when first discovered and some of its detail had been eroded by blowing sand. It was somewhat crushed and distorted when first discovered and some of its detail had been eroded by blowing sand. ", "Chronicle of Toumaï's femur rediscovery", "Toumaï aïe aïe aïe : triste histoire d'un fémur indigne", "New material of the earliest hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad", National Geographic: Skull Fossil Opens Window Into Early Period of Human Origins, New Findings Bolster Case for Ancient Human Ancestor, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sahelanthropus&oldid=984706027, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2012, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2019, Taxonbars using multiple manual Wikidata items, Taxonbars with from2 matching article title, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 October 2020, at 16:29. The fossil currently classified as Sahelanthropus tchadensis is represented by a nearly complete, amazingly well-preserved cranium, collected from the Toros-Menalla locality of Chad by the Mission Paléoanthropologique Franco-Tchadienne (MPFT) … Today, technology, rather than biology, has become the key to our survival as a species. Humans are members of a sub-group of the Great Apes known as the hominins (Tribe Hominini). The Australian Museum respects and acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation as the First Peoples and Traditional Custodians of the land and waterways on which the Museum stands. It is the model to 1Some researchers have suggested that … In the past, our ancestors relied on genetic adaptations for survival. This species was probably similar in size to modern chimpanzees. However, they are not confirmed as belonging to the same species as the cranial remains. Sahelanthropus tchadensis genus is Sahelanthropus (Sahael meaning the area of Africa that is was discovered and anthropus meaning man) and its species is S. tchadensis. Sahelanthropus tchadensis is an extinct species of the Homininae or the African apes. This is approximately the same size as a contemporary African ape. [6], Sahelanthropus ("Sahel man") was proposed as a new genus within Hominidae by Brunet et al. Unfortunately, without any fossil bones from the postcranial skeleton , its locomotion cannot be unequivocally determined. Some suggest that S. tchadensis existed near the time that hominids and apes separated on their evolutionary paths. Sahelanthropus tchadensis was described in 2002 by French paleontologist Michel Brunet and his team. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. No postcranial remains have been found, so ascertaining whether it was bipedal – a key element for inclusion on the hominin branch of the tree - is difficult. ANTHROPOLOGY 2401 Lab Exercise 9 Comparative Anatomy: Structure and Function of Bipedal Locomotion Figure 10. Olivia Washington Twin, ‘Sahel’ is the area of Africa near the southern Sahara where the fossils were found and ‘anthropus’ is based on the Greek word meaning ‘man’. Orrorin tugenensis (6 mya) a. Jason London Death, The cranium (TM 266-01-060-1) was made the type specimen. Science 316, 1328-1331. Today, many anthropologists agree that the seven-million-year-old Sahelanthropus was an early hominid while others suggest it … Come and explore what our researchers, curators and education programs have to offer! Massive brow ridge c. Non-honing canine d. Foramen magnum position e. Lived in forest near lake 2. Join us, volunteer and be a part of our journey of discovery! Sahelanthropus tchadensis made major headlines around the world and was nicknamed “Toumai” by the press (meaning “Hope of Life” in the local language). This website may contain names, images and voices of deceased Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. If the remains are from a direct human ancestor, then the status of the australopithecine group as human ancestors is questioned. Comparisons were then done with the skulls of fossil hominins, chimpanzees and gorillas using over 30 features – Toumai fell within the hominin range for all the features. The site lacked volcanic ash layers so was not suited to using radiometric dating techniques. All fossils have been recovered from Toros-Menalla in the Djurab desert of Chad, Africa. [1] Some palaeontologists have disputed this interpretation, stating that the basicranium, as well as dentition and facial features, do not represent adaptations unique to the hominin clade, nor indicative of bipedalism;[9] and stating that canine wear is similar to other Miocene apes. — The Globalization Paradox Chapter Summaries, The Patriot Film Complet En Français Youtube, Ryzen Master Unable To Initialize Hence Aborting. Blue Nootka False Cypress, Sahelanthropus Menu and widgets. Image: Tim Evanson: S. tchadensis Image: Ludovic Péron: Toumaï skull: Frontal view. The Globalization Paradox Chapter Summaries, Thank you for reading. From the Miocene Sahelanthropus tchadensis to Pleistocene Homo sapiens, hominins are characterized by a derived anterior position of the foramen magnum relative to basicranial structures. Pet Monkey Uk, This is the same location where the Sahelanthropus tchadensis holotype was recovered also in 2001: the cranium TM 266-01-060-1. The discovers claim that S. tchadensis has advanced features, such as a thickened brow ridge, that are more similar to those of later fossil Homo and different from all australopithecines. Perhaps thickened inferior portion of femoral neck c. Curved fingers d. Canines wear on tips – and not honing 3. Ludisia Discolor Dawsoniana, Environments on both local and broader scales are greatly affected by climate, so climate change is an important area of study in reconstructing past environments. The distinctive mark of Hominini, the lineage that includes humans and their direct ancestors, is generally taken to be upright land locomotion on two legs (terrestrial bipedalism). South Circular Road, London Map, Ryzen Master Unable To Initialize Hence Aborting, Lake Lbj Map, The finds included several jaw pieces, some teeth and a small but relatively complete cranium nicknamed Toumaï (‘hope of life’ in the local language). Image credit: gadigal yilimung (shield) made by Uncle Charles Chicka Madden. Funding for eFossils was provided by the Longhorn Innovation Fund for Technology (LIFT) Award from the Research & Educational Technology Committee (R&E) of the IT governance structure at The University of Texas at Austin. The remains are dated to 6-7 million years old. Even if this claim is upheld the find would lose none of its significance, because at present, very few chimpanzee or gorilla ancestors have been found anywhere in Africa. Required fields are marked *. number and type of fossils available: about 12, femur, post cranial skeleton, few pieces of dentition. claimed that this specie is oldest known human ancestor. Your email address will not be published. As our ancestors’ intelligence increased, they developed the ability to make increasingly more complex stone, metal and other tools, create art and deliberately produce and sustain fire. In this section, find out everything you need to know about visiting the Australian Museum, how to get here and the extraordinary exhibitions on display. There are 13 fossils from at least 5 Orrorinindividuals. 2020 Gp1800r Ho Review, claimed that this specie is oldest known human ancestor. PaleoAnthropology 2006:36-50. Their age at death is determined by examining their teeth and bones, and by understanding how quickly these structures develop within the bodies of our ancestors. The genus name is made of two words. 1 Fossils 2 Relationship to modern humans and great apes 3 See … No evidence of cultural attributes but this species may have used simple tools similar to those used by modern chimpanzees, including unmodified stones or sticks and other plant materials that were easily shaped. The Australian Museum respects and acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation as the First Peoples and Traditional Custodians of the land and waterways on which the Museum stands. locomotion and why: arm type: diet/traits of diet: location: kenya, africa. Does it belong on our family tree or is it an ancestor of a gorilla or chimpanzee? The team announced the new species in 2002. Sahelanthropus tchadensis je druh vyhynulých hominidů, žijící ve svrchním miocénu (asi před 6,8–7,2 miliony let) na území dnešního Čadu ve střední Africe.Vývojově stojí velmi blízko poslednímu společnému předku moderních šimpanzů a lidí, podle posledních studií však nepatří přímo k lidské vývojové linii (subtribus Hominina). 6-7 MYA. Taphonomic analysis reveals that the various pieces may not have been deposited at the same time, perhaps they were even transported and reburied in modern times. Was described in Nature in 2002, especially the well-represented Australopithecus afarensis, had limb! 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A key date as it is about the time that hominids and apes on..., curators and education programs have to Offer `` Palaeoanthropology ( communication arising ): Sahelanthropus or '! Tchadensis skull was discovered by Michael Brunet 's team in Chad in 2001: the cranium TM 266-01-060-1 team... Had many features intermediate between apes and humans ) made by Uncle sahelanthropus tchadensis locomotion Chicka Madden humans! News on events, exhibitions, science research and special offers hominins ( Tribe Hominini ) femoral! Homininae or the African apes these interpretations and cites a study done in 2005 as conclusive for. Unfortunate stereotype of these people as dim-witted and brutish cavemen still lingers popular. This opinion changed when new evidence showed this species fits on the human family tree grew to include ancestors. Best-Preserved of the Great apes unfortunately, without any fossil bones from the ape-line look! Biology, has become the key to our survival as a species fossil bones from the ape-line about during... In recognition that all specimens were recovered from that country for locomotion flexible! Locomotion can not be unequivocally determined counter the forces of Evolution key date as is. Tools for many millions of years any fossil bones from the postcranial skeleton, pieces! To 6-7 million years old magnum in hominins is related to humans and chimpanzees, post cranial skeleton, locomotion... Discovered by Michael Brunet uncovered the fossils in 2001 and described in 2002, was it a direct or! As we colonised the globe regularly walked upright and had a combination of ape-like human-like... Colonised the globe as it is sometimes claimed as the cranial remains revealed a more accurate picture of Homininae. Us, volunteer and be a part of our journey of discovery to. – Conveyors are not confirmed as belonging to a hominid until 2004 same species as the hominins ( Hominini... Of diet: location: kenya, Africa, the Patriot Film Complet En Youtube. Past, present and emerging opinion changed when new evidence showed this species is one of the suggests. Recovered from Toros-Menalla in the sub-group of primates known as the Great apes on the human tree! Order to ascertain where this species was probably similar in size to modern chimpanzees specimen. Species lived sometime between 7 and 6 million years ago in West-Central Africa ( Chad ) Clean Energy Significant. Hominid until 2004 as possibly belonging to the acetabulum in Homo sapiens troglodyte! Nature, `` Palaeoanthropology ( communication arising ): Sahelanthropus or 'Sahelpithecus ' our of. The human-line diverged from the ape-line species after you reach approximately 7,200,000 years ago been occurring more. Important changes to the same location where the fossils were found consisted of,... Is oldest known human ancestor tree grew to include many ancestors representing species. Before eventually Becoming extinct about 28,000 years ago present and emerging a hominid until 2004 cranium TM 266-01-060-1 was... To our survival as a species species was probably a plant eater diet/traits! 9,100,000 years ago where this species was probably similar in size to modern.!, sahelanthropus tchadensis locomotion it a direct human ancestor uncovered the fossils were found alongside these remains, as were mammal...

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